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20 Precepts
- Karate-do begins with courtesy and ends with rei.
- There is no first strike in karate.
- Karate is an aid to justice.
- First know yourself before attempting to know others.
- Spirit first, technique second.
- Always be ready to release your mind.
- Accidents arise from negligence.
- Do not think that karate training is only in the dojo.
- It will take your entire life to learn karate, there is no limit.
- Put your everyday living into karate and you will find "Myo" (subtle secrets).
- Karate is like boiling water, if you do not heat it constantly, it will cool.
- Do not think that you have to win, think rather that you do not have to lose.
- Victory depends on your ability to distinguish vulnerable points from invulnerable ones.
- The out come of the battle depends on how you handle weakness and strength.
- Think of your opponents hands and feet as swords.
- When you leave home, think that you have numerous opponents waiting for you.
- Beginners must master low stance and posture, natural body positions are for the advanced.
- Practicing a kata exactly is one thing, engaging in a real fight is another.
- Do not forget to correctly apply: strength and weakness of power,stretching and contraction of the body,
- and slowness and speed of techniques.
- Always think and devise ways to live the precepts of karate-do every day.
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One of the first students that John Richards had was to become a Kickboxing World Champion. Howard Brown trained with John Richards in the 1970’s at a dojo in Hockley, along with Howard other fighters who became British champion were Godfrey Butler and Edge Brown.
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Glossary Numbers
The Japanese language you will come across when referring to Karate is romanized Japanese which they call romaji. The Japanese have three different writing systems. Hiragana, Katakana and Kanji.
Below are the numbers one to ten which we use in Karate
Number Chinese Japanese
1 ICHI HITOTSU
2 NI FUTATSU
3 SAN MITTSU
4 SHI YOTTSU
5 GO ITSUTSU
6 ROKU MUTTSU
7 SHICHI NANATSU
8 HACHI YATTSU
9 KU KOKONOTSU
10 JYU JUNI
Japanese
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English
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Age Uke
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Upper Rising Block
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Age Zuki
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Upper Rising Punch
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Aka
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Red
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Aoi
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Blue
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Ai Ki
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Harmonious Spirit
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Ashi
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Foot
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Ashi Barai
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Foot Sweep
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Ashi Ura
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Sole of Foot
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Ashikubi
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Ankle
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Atama
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Head
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Ate
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Strike
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Atemi
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Striking
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Awase
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Combined
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Azato (1827/8 - 1906)
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Master Yasutsune Azato was one of the two most important teachers of Master Funakoshi. Note Master Azato shares his forename with Master Itosu.
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Japanese
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English
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Bassai-dai (Kata)
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To Storm a Fortress
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Bitei
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Coccyx
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Bo
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Long Staff
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Bojutsu
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Long Staff Techniques
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Bokken
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Wooden Sword
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Budo
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Martial Way
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Bugei
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Martial Arts
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Bunkai
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Application (of moves from Kata)
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Bushi
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Warrior Class
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Bushido
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Way of the Warrior
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Japanese
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English
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Cha-iroi
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Brown
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Cha-iroi Ichi Shiroi
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Brown and White (stripe implied, for belt colours)
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Cha-iroi Ni Shiroi
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Brown and Double White (stripes implied, for belt colours)
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Chinte (Kata)
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Chinese Hands
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Choku Zuki (or Tsuki)
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Straight Punch
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Chudan
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Middle Level
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Chui
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Foul (as in competition)
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Japanese
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English
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Dachi
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Stance
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Dai (as in Bassai-dai)
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Major
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Dan
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Level (or Man)
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Do
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Way
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Doji
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Simultaneous
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Dojo
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Place of the Way; Training Place
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Japanese
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English
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Embusen
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Line(s) of movement (in Kata)
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Empi
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Elbow (anatomical - also name of Kata Empi
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Empi Uchi/Uke
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Elbow Strike/Block
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Engetsu Uke
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Circle Foot Block
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Enoy
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Spirit of getting ready
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Eri
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Collar
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Japanese
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English
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Fudo Dachi
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Rooted Stance
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Fumikomi
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Stamping kick
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Funakoshi ((November?) 1868 - April 26th, 1957)
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Gichin Funakoshi - the master, and founder of modern Karate-do
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Japanese
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English
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Gamae
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Withdrawing
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Gankaku (Kata)
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Crane on a Rock
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Gasshuku
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Training Camp
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Gedan
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Lower Level
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Gedan Barai
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Downward Block
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Gedan Zuki
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Lower Level Punch
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Geri
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Kick
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Gi
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Training Clothes
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Gojushiho (-sho, -dai) (Kata)
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Fifty-four Steps
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Gohon Kumite
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Five Attack Sparring
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Go No Sen
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Technique where opponent is tricked to attack first, exposing themselves to counter-attack
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Gyaku
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Reverse
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Gyaku Zuki
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Reverse Punch
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Japanese
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English
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Hachiji Dachi
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Naural Stance
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Hai
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Yes
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Haishu
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Back-hand
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Haishu Uke
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Back-hand Block
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Hajime
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Begin
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Haisoku
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Instep of foot
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Haito
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Ridge Hand
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Haito Uchi
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Ridge Hand Strike
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Haiwan
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Back-arm
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Hajime
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Begin
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Hangetsu (Kata)
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Half Moon
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Hangetsu Dachi
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Half Moon (or Wide Hour Glass) Stance
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Hanmi
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Half Front (45 degrees, facing opponent)
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Hanshi
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Master - honourary title for the highest black belt in an organisation
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Hansoku-make
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Lose - referring to losing by transgressing rules of a competition
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Hara
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Belly
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Harai Te
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Sweeping arm technique
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Haiwan
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Back-arm
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Hayai
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Fast
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Heian Kata's (Shodan, Nidan, Sandan, Yondan, Godan)
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The Five Heian Kata's, derived from Kanku-dai
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Heisoku Dachi
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Informal Attention Stance
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Hichu
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Adams Apple
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Hidari
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Left
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Hikite
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Both Hands retracting
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Hikiwake
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Draw
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Hiku
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Pull
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Hiraken
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Back-hand-knuckle strike
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Hiza
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Knee
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Hiza Geri
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Knee Kick
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Hizagashira
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Kneecap
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Hombu
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Main Dojo
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Hon
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Basic, fundamental
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Horan No Kamae
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'Egg in nest' ready position, as in Kata Bassai-dai
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Hyosh
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Timing
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Japanese
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English
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Iee Iie
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No
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Ippon
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One
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Ippon Ken
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One-knuckle Fist
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Ippon Nukite
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One Finger Spear Hand
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Itosu (1830/32 - 1916)
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Master Yasutsune Itosu was one of the two most important teachers of Master Funakoshi. Note Master Itosu shares his forename with Master Azato.
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Japanese
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English
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Ji'in (Kata)
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Temple Grounds, or Gardens
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Jikan
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Time (as in calling time in competion)
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Jion (Kata)
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From the Temple of Jion
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Jitte (Kata)
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Ten Hands
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Jiyu Dachi
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Free Stance
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Jiyu Ippon Kumite
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Semi-free One-attack Sparring
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Jiyu Kumite
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Free Sparring
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Jo
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Short staff
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Jodan
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Upper Level
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Jogai
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Out of bounds
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Joko
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Slow
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Juji Uki
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X-Block
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Japanese
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English
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Ka
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Student
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Kachikake
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Point of jaw
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Kaeshi
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Counter attack
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Kaeshu Ippon Kumite
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Counter attack, semi-free sparring
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Kage Uki
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Hook Block
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Kage Zuki
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Hook Punch
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Kai
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Style
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Kaisho
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Open hand (palm)
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Kaiten
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Rotating
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Kakae Te
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Trapping block
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Kakato
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Heel
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Kakiwake Uke
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Wedge Block
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Kake-te (or Kake Waza)
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Hooking technique
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Kakushi Waza
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Hidden techniques
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Kakuto
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Wrist
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Kamaete
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Get Ready
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Kami
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Hair
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Kan
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Hall
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Kanazawa (1931 - )
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Hirokazu Kanazawa, successor to Master Funakoshi
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Kanku (-sho, -dai) (Kata)
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Look to the Sky
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Kansetsu Waza
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Joint lock techniques
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Kappo
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Techniques for resuscitating people suffering from shock to nervous system
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Kara
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Empty
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Karate
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Empty Hand
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Kasumi
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Temple
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Kata
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Form, or Formal Exercise
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Katana
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Long curved sword
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Kawashi
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Evasion
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Keagi
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Snap
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Keichu
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Back of neck
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Keiko
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Joined fingertips
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Keito Uke
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Chicken-head Wrist-block
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Kekomi
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Thrust
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Kempo
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Fist Law (in Chinese: Chuan Fa)
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Ken
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Fist
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Kensei
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Technique carried out with silent Kiai
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Kesa Geri
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Diagonal kick
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Ki
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Inner Strength
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Kiai
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Shout
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Kiba Dachi
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Horse riding Stance
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Kihon
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Basics
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Kihon Ippon Kumite
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Basic One Attack Sparring
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Kime
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Focus (Tension and Relaxation)
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Kin Geri
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Groin Kick
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Kinteki
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Testicles
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Kiroi
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Yellow
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Kizami Zuki
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Jabbing Punch
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Ko
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Small, lesser
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Ko Bo Ittchi
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The idea of attack and defence as a unified event
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Kobore
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Tibia
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Kohai
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Junior (to oneself)
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Koken
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Wrist joint
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Kokoro
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Spirit in the heart
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Kokutsu Dachi
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Back Stance
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Kosa
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Crossing
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Kosa Uke
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Crossing Block
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Koshi
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Ball of the Foot
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Koshin
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Rearward
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Kuatsu
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Resuscitation of person unconcious from strangulation or shock
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Kubi
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Neck
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Kumade
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Bear Hand
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Kumite
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Sparring
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Kun
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Oath
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Kuroi
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Black
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Kyoku
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Breathing
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Kyosen
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Solar plexus
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Kyoshi
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Master instructor
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Kyototsu
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Sternum
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Kyu
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Grade (or Boy)
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Kyusho Waza
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Pressure point techniques
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Japanese
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English
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Ma-ai
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Distance
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Ma-ai
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Distance/timing (in respect to one's partner)
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Mae
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Front
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Mae Geri
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Front Kick
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Mae Ukemi
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Forward roll
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Makiwara
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Striking Post
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Manabu
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Method of learning by copying what you see
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Manji Uke
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Double arm block (one Gedan Barai, one Judan Uchi Uke)
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Mata
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Top of thigh
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Matte
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Wait
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Mawashi Geri/Zuki
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Roundhouse Kick/Punch
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Mawat-te
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Turn
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Meikyo (Kata)
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Bright Mirror
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Midori
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Green
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Migi
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Right (opposite to Left)
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Mikazuki Geri
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Crescent Kick
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Mimi
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Ears
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Mokuso
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Meditation. A pause for reflection to clear one's mind
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Moroashi Dachi
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Semi-forward stance
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Morote
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Augmented
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Morote Uke
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Augmented Block
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Morote Zuki
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Augmented Punch
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Moto Dachi
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Short forward stance (e.g. as achieved in Heian Sandan when pulling back for Tetsui Uchi
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Mudansha
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Non-blackbelt students
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Mune
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Chest
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Murasaki
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Purple
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Musubi Dachi
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Attention stance (as before Rei), feet at 45 degrees
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Japanese
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English
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Nagashi Uke
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Sweeping Block
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Nage Waza
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Take-down techniques
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Naginata
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Pole-arm weapon with blade at one end
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Moroashi Dachi
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Semi-forward stance
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Naiwan Uke
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Inside (of) arm block
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Nami Ashi
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Inside Leg Block
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Neko Ashi Dachi
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Cat Stance
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Nidan Geri
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Double Kick
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Nihon Nukite
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Two-finger Spear Hand
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Nijushiho (Kata)
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Twenty-four Steps
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Nukite
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Spear hand
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Martial Art: Karate 
Translation: "Empty Hand"
Country of Origin: Japan / Okinawa
Created: 15th Century
In 1470 the Japanese invaded the island of Okinawa (about half way between China and Japan) which at that time belonged to China who had invaded previously. In order to keep the peace a law was passed saying that anyone found carrying a weapon was to be put to death. In order to protect themselves from the marauding bandits and their new masters, both of whom tended not to bother with any laws,
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Zen-Shin Academy 
